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Termites are far less likely to be attacked by parasites than bees, wasps and ants, since they are generally well protected in their own mounds.122 Nevertheless, termites are infected by a variety of parasites. Some of them include dipteran flies,123 Pyemotes mites, and also a high number of nematode parasites. Most nematode parasites are in the order Rhabditida; others are in the genus Mermis, Diplogaster aerivora and Harteria gallinarum.
M. anispliae is known to weaken the termite immune system. Infection with A. nomius only takes place when a colony is under great anxiety. .
Termites are infected by viruses including Entomopoxvirinae and the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus.130131
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Foraging behavior depends on the type of termite. By way of instance, certain species feed on the wood constructions they inhabit, and others harvest food that is near the nest.132 Most workers are rarely found out in the open, and do not forage unprotected; they rely on sheeting and runways to protect them from predators.
When they find a food sourcethey communicate with other soldiers and a tiny force of employees starts to emerge. In the second stage, workers appear in massive numbers in the website. The next stage is indicated by a drop in the number of soldiers present and an increase in the number of employees.136 Isolated termite workers may engage in Lvy flight behaviour as an optimised strategy for finding their nestmates or foraging for food.137.
Competition between two colonies always results in agonistic behaviour towards each other, resulting in fights. These fights can lead to mortality on either side and, in some situations, the gain or reduction of land.138139"Cemetery pits" could be present, in which the bodies of dead termites are buried.140
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Studies show that when termites encounter each other in foraging areas, a few of the termites intentionally block passages to prevent other termites from entering.134141 Dead termites from different colonies found in exploratory tunnels contributes to the isolation of the region and so the need to construct new tunnels.142 Conflict between two opponents does not necessarily happen.
Since C. formosanus colonies may get into physical conflict, a few termites squeeze closely into foraging tunnels and perish, successfully blocking the tunnel and ending all of agonistic actions.144.
Among the reproductive caste, neotenic queens can compete with each other to become the dominant queen when there are no primary reproductives. This struggle among the queens leads to the elimination of all but a single queen, which, with all the king, takes over the colony.145
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Ants and termites can compete with each other for nesting space. In particular, ants that prey on termites normally have a negative impact on arboreal nesting species.146
Most termites are blind, so communication primarily occurs through chemical, mechanical and pheromonal cues.41134 These means of communication are used in a variety of activities, including foraging, locating reproductives, construction of nests, recognition of nestmates, nuptial flight, locating and fighting enemies, and defending the nests.41134 The most common method of communicating is through antennation.134 A number of pheromones are known, including contact pheromones (which can be transmitted when employees are engaged in trophallaxis or grooming) and alert, trail and sex pheromones.
Trail pheromones are secreted in the sternal gland, and sex pheromones derive from 2 glandular sources: the sternal and tergal glands.41 When termites go out to search for food, they forage in columns along the ground throughout vegetation. A path can be identified by the faecal Check This Out deposits or runways that are covered by items.
When termites construct their neststhey use predominantly indirect communication. No single termite learn the facts here now are in charge of any specific construction project. Individual termites react rather than think, but in a set level, they display a type of collective cognition. Specific structures or other objects such as pellets of columns or soil cause termites to start building.
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The outcome is a self-organised procedure whereby the information that sends termite activity results in changes in the environment rather than from direct contact among individuals.134.
Termites can distinguish nestmates and non-nestmates through chemical communication and gut symbionts: compounds consisting of hydrocarbons released from the cuticle permit the recognition of alien termite species.148149 Each colony has its own distinct odour. This odour is a result of genetic and environmental factors like the termites' diet andThe composition of the bacteria within the termites' intestines.150.
Termites rely on alert communication to defend a colony.134 Alarm pheromones can be released when the nest has been breached or is being assaulted by enemies or potential pathogens. Termites always avoid nestmates infected with Metarhizium anisopliae spores, through vibrational signals released by infected nestmates.151 Additional procedures of defence include intense jerking and secretion of fluids in the frontal gland and defecating faeces containing alarm pheromones.134152.